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Bernoulli's Principle
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Parameters
Constriction Ratio A₁/A₂
Inlet Velocity v₁ (m/s)
Inlet Pressure P₁ (kPa)
Key Concepts
•
Continuity:
A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ — narrower pipe means faster flow
•
Bernoulli:
P + ½ρv² = constant along a streamline
• Faster flow at throat → lower static pressure (energy conservation)
•
Venturi meter:
measures flow rate from the pressure drop
• Same principle: aircraft wings (higher v above → lower P above → lift)
• Also explains carburettors, atomisers, and Pitot tubes
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