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Beer-Lambert Law

Plot absorbance against concentration using Beer-Lambert law (A = εlc). Essential for spectrophotometry IAs — see how path length and absorptivity affect the calibration curve.

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Parameters

Molar absorptivity ε (L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹)

Path length l₁ (cm)

Path length l₂ (cm)

Max concentration (mol/L)

Key Concepts

• A = ε·l·c: absorbance is proportional to concentration (straight line through origin)
• ε (molar absorptivity) is a property of the substance at a given wavelength
• l is the path length through the sample (cuvette width)
• A = log₁₀(I₀/I) — ratio of incident to transmitted light intensity
• Beer-Lambert law breaks down at very high concentrations (>0.01 M) due to molecular interactions

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